Fatores associated with dental trauma in Northeast Brazil

An epidemiological study from 2019 to 2022

Abstract

Traumatic dental injuries are considered dental emergencies, requiring immediate care due to their potential to adversely affect quality of life, hindering the ability to speak, chew, impacting aesthetics, and physical and psychological well-being. This study aimed to investigate the influence of age, gender, and socioeconomic factors on dental trauma in Northeast Brazil. A cross-sectional study on dental trauma in Northeast Brazil from 2019 to 2022 utilized secondary data from the Health Information System for Primary Care (SISAB) and Atlas Brazil. Statistical analysis involved Poisson regression and Spearman correlation. Gender had a substantial impact on dental trauma cases, with significantly higher frequency in females (p < 0.001). Regarding age, traumas remained stable until 39 years, with a significant decrease after 40 years (p = 0.009). Associations were found between the Gini index (p < 0.001; R = 0.225) and HDI (p = 0.046; R = 0.118) in the frequency of these injuries. However, per capita income (p = 0.212) did not demonstrate an influence on the outcome. The female gender exhibited a higher number of dental trauma cases, especially in the 0-39 age groups, with a significant role played by the Gini index and HDI.