EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ADMISSIONS FOR PNEUMONIA IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2013 AND 2023

Abstract

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that affects the lungs and is characterized as one of the main causes of death worldwide. Risk factors for pneumonia include general health status, extremes of age, immune system, and exposure to infectious agents. This study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to pneumonia in Brazil between 2013 and 2023. This is an observational, quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective epidemiological study using the secondary database of the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS) via the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System - DATASUS. The variables considered were: sex, age group, race, region of hospitalization, year of care, type of care, average length of stay, death, and mortality rate. Thus, it was possible to observe that 6,533,701 hospitalizations due to pneumonia were recorded. Children aged 1 to 4 years were the most affected and more than half were male, self-declared brown, hospitalized in the southeast region, which may be related to social conditions and access to the health system. Furthermore, it was noted that men aged 80 years or older were also hospitalized frequently. It is concluded that pneumonia is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate, which leads to the need for hospitalization of individuals in serious condition. Thus, future studies should be continuously carried out to identify and build the profile of hospitalizations per year.