Benefícios da dieta cetogênica na redução das comorbidades associadas à síndrome metabólica: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome is a disorder that involves cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. The ketogenic diet has been shown to be effective in reducing the inflammation associated with this syndrome. Objective: To describe the impact of the ketogenic diet on comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature using two electronic databases – PubMed and VHL/MEDLINE. The inclusion criteria were: articles published between 2019 and August 2024, which had free access and full text, written in Portuguese and English. On the other hand, as an exclusion criterion: articles with double publication were excluded, one being selected and discarding the other, those that did not answer the research question and narrative review articles. Results and discussion: Results indicate that the ketogenic diet offers significant benefits in managing the syndrome, promoting weight loss and improving glycemic and lipid profiles. Trials demonstrate high adherence to the diet for up to 2 years, reversing metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusion: However, more robust studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of the ketogenic diet on hepatic and cardiovascular metabolism, establishing safe guidelines for its clinical application.