Impactos Da Usina Hidrelétrica De Belo Monte Com Utilização Geotecnologica Para Estudo Da Fragmentação Florestal

Abstract

The objective was to assess the change in forest fragmentation between the years 2010 and 2022 in the influence area of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant. Satellite images for the analysis of forest fragmentation were obtained from the Annual Mapping Project of Land Cover and Land Use in Brazil (MAPBIOMAS) collection 8. The processing of satellite (raster) images was carried out using QGIS Desktop version 3.34.5. Two forest classes (Forest Formation and Floodable Forest) were ex-ported and their areas were calculated. Fragments were divided into size classes: Very Small (< 5 ha), Small (5-50 ha), Medium (50-500 ha), Large (500-1.000 ha), and Very Large (1.000-31.000 ha). The metrics calculated using Fragstats 4.2 were: area, density, size, edge (70 m distance), shape, and core area. In the results, 4,174.00 fragments were found in 2010 and 5,596.00 in 2022 with different sizes and shapes, the smaller fragments suffered a greater edge effect in the two years studied. With the implementation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant, there was a 34.07% increase in the number of forest fragments in its area of influence from 2010 to 2022.