Estratégias para a promoção do aleitamento materno e alternativas nutricionais: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Breastfeeding is presented as a relevant factor for the health of mother and baby, providing nutritional, immunological, emotional and psychological benefits. This study addresses strategies to promote breastfeeding and nutritional alternatives when breastfeeding is not viable. The integrative review included articles published between 2014 and 2024 and revealed that factors such as psychological support, breastfeeding consultancy and family support are fundamental for the success of breastfeeding. In addition, alternatives such as human milk banks and infant formulas are discussed, with emphasis on the judicious use of formulas, which, although effective in certain conditions, do not replace the immunological benefits of breast milk. Education and clear guidance offered to parents in primary care also play an important role in overcoming initial difficulties. The analysis suggests that an integrated approach, combining emotional, educational and nutritional support, can ensure the success of breastfeeding and adequate nutrition for children, even in the face of challenges. In addition, promoting public policies that encourage exclusive breastfeeding can act to minimize the negative impacts of early interruption.