Epidemiological profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, 2010–2025
Abstract
American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) remains an important public health problem in Brazil, especially in the northern region. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile and temporal trend of ATL cases in the state of Tocantins between 2010 and 2025. This is an ecological, descriptive, time series study based on secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN/DATASUS). Sociodemographic, clinical, and spatial variables of confirmed cases were analyzed. Endemic persistence of the disease was observed throughout the period, with a predominance in young adult males, as well as temporal variations influenced by contextual factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings reinforce the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and indicate that additional preventive strategies, including immunization approaches under investigation, such as vaccine development, may be fundamental for controlling ATL in the state.
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