La influencia de la evaluación preanestésica en el periodo perioperatorio de la cirugía cardiovascular y vascular mayor: una revisión integradora

Resumen

Major heart and vascular surgeries are complex procedures that involve significant challenges due to the severity of the conditions treated and the extent of the interventions performed. The invasive nature of these surgeries and the frequent presence of comorbidities in patients make perioperative management and pre-anesthetic assessment (PAE) especially critical. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-anesthetic assessment on the perioperative management of patients undergoing major cardiovascular and vascular surgery. This was an integrative literature review, whose data was searched in the PUBMED, LILACS and SciELO databases. After the initial search and application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were selected to make up the review. The studies showed that PAC plays a fundamental role in optimizing anaesthesia and intra- and post-operative management. It allows the identification of underlying conditions and enables personalized treatment strategies, resulting in better clinical outcomes, reduced anxiety and lower perioperative morbidity. Given this scenario, it was possible to conclude that PAC is an indispensable tool in the management of high-risk surgeries, contributing significantly to patient safety and recovery