Análise de série temporal de internações e mortalidade por câncer de colorretal e anorretal, no Brasil, de 2012 a 2021: estudo ecológico

Isabela Nishimura Megiani, Pedro Eduardo Barros Barbosa, Paulo Ricardo Cunha Mendonça Peruche, Renata Carolina Woolley de Carvalho Martins Rossi, Adriana Yuki Mello Prado

Abstract

Objective: Time series analysis of hospitalizations and mortality of Brazilians due to colorectal cancer in 10 years. Methods: This ecological study carried out by the Hospital Information System, including the prevalence of hospitalizations and mortality due to malignant neoplasm of the colon and rectosigmoid, rectum, anus, and anal canal from 2012 to 2021, and excluding records with unknown characteristics, blank or without information. Variables: age group, sex, internationality characteristic and Brazilian regions. Results: In the period from 2012 to 2021, the hospitalization rate increased from 27.19 to 38.3 - an increase of 11.11. While the mortality rate for the same cancers increased from 2.27 in 2012 to 3.04 in 2021 - an increase of 0.77. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant drop in hospitalization rates and mortality rates from colorectal cancer in Brazil from 40.92 in 2019 to 38.3 in 2021 (a drop of 2.62) and from 3.23 in 2019 to 3.04 in 2021 (a drop of 0.19), respectively - rates adjusted for one hundred thousand inhabitants. Conclusion: Given the context of a significant increase in hospitalization and death rates from this public health problem, it highlights the need to improve public screening and prevention policies, as well as awareness campaigns on aging and lifestyle habits, which are intrinsically related to the neoplastic activity of colorectal cancer.