Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases in São Luís – MA between the years of 2013 and 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious-contagious disease caused by the etiological agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch’s bacillus. Its transmission occurs through the airway through aerosols disseminated by infected individuals. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of the tuberculosis cases in São Luís between the years 2013 and 2023. Methods: It is about an ecological study with descriptive analysis accomplished in São Luís – MA; data from the SINAN (System of Information on Notification Grievance, in English) were used. The variables considered were sociodemographic data, clinical form, area of residence, and type of entry. Then, descriptive statistics were applied to it: the data obtained was organized in electronic spreadsheets and analyzed on the software Microsoft Excel. Results: There was a prevalence of tuberculosis reporting in the male gender (68.47%), in the age group of 30 to 39 years old (48.40%), Fitzpatrick skin type IV — moderate brown — (76.3%), complete high school (24.33%), and, in the pulmonary clinical form (86.2%). Most of the questions about residential areas were ignored, being classified as Ignored or Non-filled

(67%). Conclusion: The male gender has higher frequency of Tuberculosis cases; its tendency is more frequent in the economically active age group. Unlike other diseases that reach populations with a low level of study, such as leprosy, tuberculosis is present in those with a complete school education.

Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Epidemiology. São Luís – MA.