Prospecção de fungos endofíticos de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aublet) para o controle de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, causador da antracnose em açaí (Euterpe precatoria)

Abstract

Andiroba (Carapa guianensis) is found in the Amazon region and has multiple uses, as well as containing endophytic fungi that live in internal organs and tissues without causing apparent damage. Another plant native to the Amazon is açaí, which is subject to the action of pathogenic microorganisms that can interfere with its homeostasis, such as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which causes anthracnose. The aim of this study was to prospect endophytic fungi from andiroba (Carapa guianensis) to control Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which causes anthracnose in açaí (Euterpe precatoria). The endophytic fungi of the C. guianensis species were stored in distilled water and were reactivated in BDA medium. Macro and micromorphological analysis was carried out to identify the fungi to genus level. To assess the control of C. gloeosporioides, the confrontation test was used to evaluate the antagonistic activity of the endophytic fungal isolates of C. guianensis against the phytopathogen C. gloeosporioides. Forty-two fungi were reactivated and identified, the most frequent genera being Penicillium (33.3%), Aspergillus (7.1%) and Acremonium (7.1%). In the evaluation of in vitro antagonism, 57.1% of the fungi had antagonistic activity against C. gloeosporioides, 52.3% by mycelial suppression and 4.7% by antibiosis. The endophytic fungi of Carapa guianensis showed potential for controlling Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which causes anthracnose in açaí.