Hydrological modeling and transport of pollutants in water basins: A systematic review

Vinicius Silva; Everton Miranda; Jader Lugon; Vicente Oliveira; Simone Silva; Giseli  Santos; Édson Guimaraes; Antônio Silva Neto

Vinicius Vanderley Miguel da Silva Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4045-4106
Everton Alves Miranda Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-679X
Jader Lugon Junior Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-0713
Vicente de Paulo Santos de Oliveira Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-0345
Simone Vasconcelos Silva Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-6840
Giseli Gomes dos Santos Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense - IFFluminense https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-8962
Édson Avelar Guimaraes Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-8076
Antônio Silva Neto Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9616-6093

Resumo

Environmental incidents around the world have been causing rapid deterioration of water quality, causing serious economic losses, impacting aquatic ecological environments and causing illness and death to surrounding residents. The precise determination of the surface water flow, based on the mathematical description of the hydrological processes on the natural basins, is of primordial importance for the evaluation of the impact of the transport of pollutants. This article intends to identify and map the main software used to study the trajectory of pollutants in watersheds, aiming to understand mathematical concepts, to identify the main methods and techniques used, as well as to verify the main contaminants studied by the scientific community today. The Method used of a systematic review protocol to gather evidence and support answers to research questions outlined with the help of the PICOC framework. On results was observed a convergence of authors to use the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) software, either alone or in combination with other modules, to study the trajectory of pollutants. Among the studies, the predominance of pollutants was observed: Nitrate, Phosphate and Nitrogen, which suggests that these are the most studied substances today. The results presented in this article bring together and summarize the last decade of development in the field of studying the trajectory of pollutants in watersheds.